The Yuliao site is an important archaeological site located in Taibao City, Chiayi County, Taiwan. It dates back to the late Neolithic Age, approximately 4500 to 1600 years ago. In 2009, the site was designated as a county site for preservation under the Cultural Assets Preservation Law and is now managed by the Chiayi County Government. It covers a total area of 313,600 square meters.
The Yuliao site was initially discovered around 1940 by Shigeru Yoshida, a teacher at Chiayi Agricultural School, and was first mentioned by Tadao Luye in the "Ethnological Prehistoric Studies of Southeast Asia." The site was named the "Yuliao-type Site." However, it did not receive much attention from the government at the time. It wasn't until 2003, during the excavation for the construction of the high-speed rail road and the planned Nagu Pagoda by the Taibao City Government, that local residents became aware of the site and initiated actions to protect it.
The Yuliao site consists of two layers representing different prehistoric cultures. The lower layer belongs to the Niuchouzi type of Jomon red pottery culture, while the upper layer represents the Yuliao type of Dahu culture. The Yuliao site is particularly significant as one of the earliest prehistoric sites discovered in the Chiayi Plain, providing insights into the cultural development of the region during the late Neolithic Age.
Numerous cultural relics have been unearthed at the Yuliao site, including stoneware and pottery. Among the most representative artifacts are the high-belly bottom tank and spherical beans, which are currently housed in the collection of the National Museum of Natural Science in Taiwan.
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